文化创意之城 3 Hangzhou: a City of Cultural Creativity
Michael E. Porter, father of competitive strategy, remarked that
cultural advantages are the most lasting and essential competitive
advantages. They are the hardest to replace and imitate.
A city is the reflection of its culture and culture is the unique mark,
spirit and soul of the city.
竞争战略之父迈克尔·波特说，基于文化的优势是最根
本的、最难以替代和模仿的、最持久的和最核心的竞争优势。
城市即文化，文化即城市。对于一个城市而言，文化既
是一个城市独一无二的印记，更是一个城市的精髓和灵魂。
如果说满陇桂雨是杭州轻盈袅袅的羽衣，那么满城书香必然是这座城市高洁而隽
永的灵魂。
2016 年 1 月，经联合国教科文组织批准，杭州成为国内第一个、全球首批加入
联合国教科文组织全球学习型城市网络的城市。
总人口超过 900 万的杭州，人人皆学、时时能学、处处可学。
在全国 15 个副省级城市中，杭州是教育发展、教育公平、教育条件保障三大教
育现代化指标指数排名均位列前五的唯一城市。
从高等教育、义务教育到社区教育网络，杭州人都能找到适合自己的学习方式。
杭州市将《杭州市终身学习促进条例》列入立法调研项目，为“学习”立法，同
时提出，打造城市“终身教育”体系——到 2020 年，预计建成 50 个市级示范性“街
道（乡镇）30 分钟市民学习圈”。
目前，全市拥有图书馆、博物馆、剧院、街道（乡镇）文化站等基础设施数量在
全国同类城市中名列前茅。截至 2015 年底，入选国家级非物质文化遗产项目已达 44
项，总量居国内同类城市第一。入选世界级非遗名录的有 3 项。
杭州深厚的文化底蕴、浓郁的学习氛围，吸引了莫言、谭盾、余华、麦家、蔡志
忠等 30 余位文化名人落户杭州生活。
诺贝尔文学奖获得者莫言盛赞杭州为“一个‘满城诗意满城美’的城市，让人宁
静，适合学习”。
文化教育
Culture and Education
92
If sweet-scented osmanthus rain at
Manjuelong Park is the city’s lissome dress,
then the reading passion throughout the
city is surely its lofty and timeless soul.
In January 2016, Hangzhou became the
first Chinese city among the first batch of
cities, which joined the UNESCO’s Global
Network of Learning Cities.
In Hangzhou, a city with a population of
over 9 million, everyone learns, being able
to learn at anytime, anyplace.
Among the 15 major national provincial
cities, Hangzhou is the only one whose
indexes of modernization in educational
progress, equality and guarantee all rank
among the top five of the country.
Be it higher education, compulsor y
education or from community education
programs, Hangzhou's residents can
always find the method of learning, which
best suits their individual needs.
Hangzhou Municipal People’s Government
has included Hangzhou Life-Long Learners
Objective among its legislative research
projects. It has also decided to set up its
life-long education system by building 50
city-level community and town learning
centers, which should allow any citizen to
get to one in 30 minutes on foot.
By now, Hangzhou has more libraries,
museums, theatres, community or town
learning centers and other learning
assisting facilities than most other cities
in China of a similar size. By the end of
2015, there were already as many as
44 national intangible cultural heritage
sites, outnumbering any other city of the
same size in the nation. There are also 3
world intangible cultural heritage sites in
Hangzhou.
With its abundant culture and positive
learning atmosphere, Hangzhou has
attracted over 30 cultural celebrities to
choose this as their home. For example,
Mo Yan, a Nobel Prize Winner for
Literature in 2012, Tan Dun, a renowned
Chinese composer and conduc tor,
Yu Hua and Mai Jia, famous Chinese
writers and Cai Zhizhong, a well-known
cartoonist.
Mo Yan once described Hangzhou as “a
poetically splendid city, it is such a nice
place for learning owing to its wonderful
tranquility\".
和谐杭州 Harmonious Hangzhou
93
到书店借书
⊙2016年春节，杭州新华书店，蜿蜒长队只为“借”书过年，蔚然之景，
未见久矣。有人感叹：“杭州可爱之处，西湖列其一，此列其二。”
带上身份证或市民卡，且到新华书店“借”书去，图书馆来买单。
这个服务上线一个半月，图书馆为杭州人读书买单 80 多万元。
⊙你阅读，我买单，图书馆何以如此豪迈？
⊙杭州文广新局介绍，图书馆每年都有大量的图书采购任务，但是
阅读口味毕竟是非常主观的，采购书目与读者真正的借阅需求存在
一定的偏差，图书馆就从采购经费里划拨出一块来，把购买的自由
裁量权交给读者，为每一位读者寻找他想要读的书，为每一本书寻
找最爱它的读者。
Borrowing Books from a Bookstore
During the 2016 Spring Festival, many people queued up to borrow books from
Xinhua Bookstore. What a rare and wonderful scene! Some people exclaimed,
“Among the attractions of Hangzhou, West Lake is the first and the passion
for reading a very close second”. Any resident can borrow books from Xinhua
Bookstore after producing their ID card or citizen card and the bookstore
will foot the bill. With the service online for only one and a half months, the
\"borrowed\" books cost the library around 800,000 RMB.
What makes the library so generous?
According to the Hangzhou Municipal Bureau of Culture, Radio, TV, Film, Press
and Publication. Libraries purchase large numbers of books annually, so by doing
this they are letting readers have a say in what kind of books they need, all out
of a part of the annual funds. In this way, libraries are helping readers to track
down what they most want to read and making all books within the reach its
readers.
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在杭州跑马拉松，报名靠抽签。
2015 年，杭州国际马拉松大赛网上报名刚刚启动，因为报名
人数太多，杭马官方网站的服务器一度被挤“爆”。
因为想参加的市民太多了，从全马，到半马，小马拉松、情侣
跑、家庭跑都超过了比赛人数，最终不得不抽签决定参加名额。
杭州，是一个可以唤起人们运动激情的地方。
这里出过吴小旋、楼云、罗雪娟、孙杨、叶诗文等奥运冠军，
更拿下了 2018 年世界短池游泳锦标赛承办权和 2022 年亚运会举
办权，是一座未来的体育星城。
即将建成的杭州市奥林匹克体育中心，拥有一个 8 万人主体育
场、一座 1.8 万人主体育馆，还有游泳馆、网球中心、棒垒球中心、
曲棍球场、小球中心、室内田径中心和重竞技中心等，可举办世界
性、洲际性、全国性综合运动会及国际田径、足球比赛，拥有观众
固定座席 8 万个，是全国最大的体育中心之一。
而截至 2015 年底，杭州共有市级体育社团 52 家，全市健身
晨练点超过 300 个，常年坚持体育健身的人数已近 10 万。
尤其是以“三上三边”（即山上、水上、广场上，西湖边、运
河边、钱塘江边）为载体，先后举办了万人运河时尚走、横渡钱塘
江、钱塘江冲浪、全国龙舟锦标赛、十里琅珰登山赛、杭州市桥牌
联赛、杭州马拉松赛、全国百城市健身气功赛等一系列充分展示杭
州秀美山水、极富杭州特色的群体活动。
体育休闲
Sports and Recreation
和谐杭州 Harmonious Hangzhou
95
In Hangzhou, marathon runners had to draw ballots to decide whether they
could run in Hangzhou's marathon.
In 2015, shortly after the on-line registration for the Hangzhou International
Marathon started, the server of its official website broke down owing to a
huge turnout.
Be it a whole, part, or a couple marathon or even for the family race,
everyone had to draw ballots to decide whether they were lucky enough to
run the race. This is because a much higher number of citizens were eager to
join than expected.
Hangzhou is a place where people’s passion for sport has been truly stirred.
Hangzhou has given birth to numerous Olympic champions such as Wu
Xiaoxuan, Lou Yun, Luo Xuejuan, Sun Yang and Ye Shiwen, and managed to
win the rights to host the 2018 world short course swimming championships,
as well as the 2022 Asian Games. This suggests that it will become one of
the star sports cities in the near future.
Hangzhou's Olympic sports center is set to be completed soon. It will be one
96
of the largest in China, accommodating numerous sports venues.
The main stadium will have a holding capacity of 80,000 people, a
18,000-seat main gymnasium, a swimming pool, a tennis center, a
baseball and a softball center, a hockey court, a small ball center, an
indoor athletics center and a heavy sports center. This is all to host
international, intercontinental and national games, as well as football
matches and international track and field events.
By the end of 2015, there were already 52 city-level sports
associations and over 300 morning fitness sites, with approximately
100,000 people exercising at them regularly.
There have been multiple Hangzhou-specific public sports events
held on the mountains, water bodies and public squares around
West Lake, the Grand Canal and Qiantang River. This means the
people can fully enjoy the beautiful natural environment while
doing exercise. Some of the activities include: The 10,000 Person
Fashion Walking Tour of the Grand Canal, swimming across the
Qiantang River, surfing on the Qiantang River, The national Dragon
Boat Championship, The Ten-Li Mountain Climbing Competition,
Hangzhou Contract Bridge Game, Hangzhou Marathon and the
100 Cities Qigong Competition, just to mention a few.
一个城市的美丽，核心是“人”的美丽；一个城市的韵味，核心
是“人”的韵味。“精致、和谐、大气、开放”是这座城市的独有气质。
“仓廪实而知礼节，衣食足而知荣辱。”这些年，在杭州经济长
足发展之后，精神与道德也极大程度发展，学者甚至称赞“杭州距离
文明社会最近”。
文明之于杭州，更多体现在这里每一位市民言行举止中的“最美”，
是杭州一道独特的风景。
罗马并非一天建成的，而是由一个个最美现象的“盆景”茁壮成
长为的一道“风景”。
2011 年，杭州妈妈吴菊萍徒手接下坠楼儿童，被社会誉为“最
美妈妈”；2012 年，杭州司机吴斌重创之下艰难停车挽救一车人生命，
其举感动世界，被赞为“最美司机”……
杭州接连涌现出一批影响全国、感动全社会的“最美人物”。他
们是中华民族传统道德的守护者，是人心常道的践行者，是美在人间
的化身。
他们平凡又伟大，朴实又崇高。他们在我们身边，又在我们之上，
成了我们这个时代的道德先锋、精神楷模，成了群众崇尚、爱戴、学
习的平民英雄，最美杭州人。
杭州精神
Hangzhou's Spirit
98
The beauty of a city stems from the inner beauty of its
residents,and its lasting charm comes from the personalities of
its people. Hangzhou is characterized with “delicacy, harmony,
open mindedness and magnanimity”.
As an old saying goes, “Living a life of affluence people will come
to know courtesy and honor”. In the past several years with
its fantastic economic advances, Hangzhou has also improved
enormously in the cultural and moral spheres. Some scholars
have even gone so far as to say that “Hangzhou is the closest city
in China to the definition of a civilized society”.
Hangzhou’s civility is best embodied in the phrase “the
most beautiful” referring to the words and
actions of its citizens.
Jus t a s “ Rome wa s not buil t in a
day”, Hangzhou’s civility rests on the
accumulation of heroic deeds by its
people everyday.
In 2011, a mother named Wu Juping was
able to catch a child falling from a very high
building with her own two hands and was
thus acclaimed as “the most beautiful mother”.
In 2012, Wu Bin, a bus driver strained himself to
stop the bus despite his fatal injuries following the
moments after a serious crash, thus saving all the
passengers on board and moving the world with his
heroics, hence the name of “the Most Beautiful Bus
Driver”.
There are many such “beautiful acts” in Hangzhou
that have moved the people from all over China. They
safeguard traditional Chinese moral values, practice
humane principles and are the very essence of human
beauty.
They are ordinary but great, simple but lofty. Among us
and above us, they are moral pioneers and role models
of our age. They are civilian heroes, the most beautiful
Hangzhou residents adored and loved by all.
和谐杭州 Harmonious Hangzhou
99
Beautiful 丽Hangzhou
美
美丽，一个如此熟悉的字眼，从一开
始，就被注入了无限的可能性。
杭州自古就很美。
一千多年前，老市长白居易写过一首
诗叫《春题湖上》，一共八句——
湖上春来似画图，
乱峰围绕水平铺。
松排山面千重翠，
月点波心一颗珠。
碧毯线头抽早稻，
青罗裙带展新蒲。
未能抛得杭州去，
一半勾留是此湖。
这里的湖，自然是西湖。
她一池碧水，随波荡漾，映衬着群山
的青翠，勾勒出这座城市的秀美模样。可
以说，西湖是杭州的根和魂，她代表了
杭州的城市品质和形象。
可以说，美丽是每一个市民对生活
的美好期盼，亦是这座城市被寄予的殷
切希望。
杭州的美，因西湖而名，杭州的美，
又何止于西湖。
素有“人间天堂”之称的杭州，正在
持续深入推进“美丽杭州”建设，努力为
这座城市的人们营造天蓝地净、水秀山
清的生活图景。
Beauty is such a familiar concept yet it has
infinite representations.
Since the very beginning, Hangzhou has
been beautiful.
Over one thousand years ago, Bai Juyi,
mayor of Hangzhou, wrote this poem:
The lake in spring is so picturesque,
Around it are ranges of mountains.
Where pines trees are tall and green,
Like a pearl is the reflected moon.
When the rice like carpet is harvested,
Belts of skirts are like new cattails.
Hangzhou I do not want to leave,
And a major reason is the lake.
The lake mention is of course West Lake.
Swaying in its crystal-clear water is
the surrounding yet reflected emerald
mountains, displaying the beauty of
Hangzhou. West Lake is Hangzhou's root
and soul, the expression of its quality and
image.
Beauty is a pursuit in the life of all citizens
and one of the deepest hopes they have
from the city in which they live.
It is true that the fame of beautiful
Hangzhou rests with the West Lake, but
its beauty goes beyond it that of West
Lake.
Hangzhou as a renowned paradise has
been building on the concept of \"beautiful
Hangzhou\" in an attempt to provide its
citizens with an unpolluted environment
of natural beauty in which to enjoy their
life.
“前天的乌云刚过，甘霖洒下，万物吸吮，绿意更浓。阳光总在
风雨后，最美的是今天，天空如洗，蓝天指派白云俯身来触摸西湖的
山水，白云绕着碧山转，天地之间手牵手，由浅入深的色彩，虚无缥
缈的意境，美美钩织着夏天的生机……”
杭州的夏天，万物葱茏。
打开杭州空气质量 APP，空气质量指数为 31，空气质量为优，
很符合蓝天白云的意境。再看朋友圈，大家也一个劲儿都在刷“蓝天”。
为了让碧水蓝天越来越多，杭州在 2015 年还实施了一项治污计
划，首要目标就是将 PM2.5 浓度比 2013 年下降 9.1% 以上，要让重
污染天气明显减少，让全市环境空气质量逐步改善。
效果是显而易见的。
2015年，杭州空气环境质量优良天数为242天，比上年增加14天。
再看2013年，杭州市区环境空气优良天数为217天，2014年是228天。
一年比一年好。
蓝天
A Blue Sky
天蓝 1 A Blue Sky
102
“The day before yesterday it rained with clouds across the sky and
every plant absorbed water and has turned even greener. The sun
always comes after rain and today is the most beautiful day when
the sky is washed afresh and has sent its white clouds from above
to feel the lake and its surrounding mountains. They circled round
the mountains linking heaven and earth with a spectrum of colors
creating the illustrious artistic scenery of this vibrant summer.”
In summer, Hangzhou is a world of green.
Hangzhou’s air condition APP indicates that there is a 31 reading
on the index, i.e. air quality is excellent, a clear blue sky with white
clouds. When you look on Wechat moments (Akin to a mobile
version of Facebook), you will find that everyone is preoccupied with
posting pictures of the “blue sky”.
In 2015, in order to have more unpolluted days, Hangzhou carried
out a pollution-curbing plan with the chief aim of reducing PM2.5.
Last year, it had a 9.1% better result than in 2013, meaning remarkably
fewer heavy polluted days with a gradual improvement in the overall
air quality.
This plan is quite effective.
In 2015, there were 242 days when the air quality was rated as good
or excellent. This was an increase of 14 days from the previous year,
and a big jump from the 2013 number (217).
Every year, things are getting better.
曾几何时，三面云山一面城，云雾缭绕的西湖上空，竟然也有了“霾”。
是谁，造就了它？
数据显示，杭州 PM2.5 污染源主要来自燃煤和机动车尾气。
从 2007 年开始，杭州先后启动了三轮半山和北大桥环境污染综合整治
工作，九年时间的接力，让城北从一个杭州的工业区转身成为宜居宜业之区。
2015 年，杭州完成了一个更大的动作：年内关停半山电厂燃煤机组和
杭钢半山基地产能，这一下，就能减少杭州六成的燃煤量。
2015 年，去年杭州还排出一个大计划——55 项大气防治任务，包括了
环境质量改善、燃煤气治理、工业废气治理、汽车尾气治理、扬尘污染治
理和餐饮油烟治理等，只为让你远观山水自在，夜数星辰浩渺。
目前，杭州已成为全国为数不多的“三无”城市：没有钢铁企业，没
有燃煤发电机组，没有黄标车。
治霾
Curbing Haze and Smog
Not long ago, the blue sky over West Lake, which is surrounded by
mountains on three sides and by city on the other, began to be shrouded in
mist mixed with haze and smog.
What created this?
According to statistics, the pollution is mainly ascribed to the burning of coal
and motor vehicle exhaust fumes.
Starting in 2007, three rounds of comprehensive pollution curbing have
been undertaken in Banshan and North Bridge in Hangzhou. After 9
years’ effort, the northern part of Hangzhou has been transformed from a
polluted area into a nice place to stay and work.
In 2015, a major step forward in the air quality of Hangzhou was achieved by
the closing of Banshan Power Plant's coal-fired units and Hangzhou's Steel
Plant Base. This alone cut down on the consumption of coal by 60%.
Last year, with the goal in mind of being able to see the mountains in the
distance and count stars in a clear sky, Hangzhou made a grand plan of
55 atmospheric pollution prevention and control tasks. They involve
environment quality improvement and the governance of coal, gas, industrial
exhaust fumes, motor vehicle exhaust fumes, dust pollution and cooking
smoke.
Now Hangzhou is one of the few cities in China to be free of steel factories,
coal power plants or \"yellow labeled\" vehicles.
美丽杭州 Beautiful Hangzhou
105
在大自然缤纷的色彩中，绿色是最基本的底色。
如何呵护这醉人的绿、蓬勃的绿？每一年，杭州都发动大家来一
场“我为杭州添新绿”的活动，时间大多是在植树节前，杭州会公布
这一年城区绿地认建、认养情况，同时邀请大家一起去种一棵属于你
的树，看着它长高、开花、落叶，扮绿这座城市。
十多年前，钱塘江边、西湖畔，两片饱含爱心的“市民林”由市
民认养，精心呵护。
十多年后，当年种下的小树苗早已郁郁葱葱，江边成荫，湖边成
景，还成为美丽杭州的一道独特景观。
这样，多好。
截至 2014 年底 , 杭州城区绿地面积 175.7 平方千米 , 绿地率
37%, 绿化覆盖率 40.6%, 人均公园绿地面积 15.5 平方米。
你我心中那个出门见绿、移步见景、小行见园的梦想，已然照进
现实。
绿色
Greenness
106
Green is one of the basic colors of nature.
How can the enchanting and flourishing green in Hangzhou
be protected? Every year Hangzhou's residents are called
on to do there bit in keeping Hangzhou green. Typically
before the Tree-Planting Day on March 12th, the authorities
involved will announce the yearly donations toward the
greenification of Hangzhou and adoptions of trees. Then on
the 12th, they invite all citizens to come plant and cultivate
their own tree to help keep the city green.
Over ten years ago, residents planted and cultivated two
fields worth of trees on the banks of Qiantang River and
West Lake.
Today the samplings have turned into huge trees a splendid
sight, special to Hangzhou.
How great is this!
By the end of 2014, urban green areas accounted for 175.7
square kilometers of the city and the percentage of green
areas in the city is 37%, with the green coverage rate of
40.6%. The city's park and green land area amounts to a
massive 15.5 square meters per capita.
Hangzhou residents have fulfilled their dream of having
more trees, gorgeous sights and being surrounded by parks.
美丽杭州 Beautiful Hangzhou
107
杭州多山。
“八山半水分半田”，说的就是杭州独特的地理地貌，丘陵山地
占 65.6%，平原占 26.4%，水域占 8%，人均耕地 0.40 亩。
杭州的文艺青年郁达夫，最爱爬山。
八十多年前，他“日日只背了几册书，一支铅笔，半斤面包，在
杭州凤凰山，云居山，万松岭一带”寻觅，“先在临江的茶馆里吃了
一壶茶后，打开带在身边的几册书来一看，知道山川坛就近在咫尺了，
再溯上去，就是凤凰山南腋的梵天寺胜果寺等寺院”……
他还“远上四乡”，与朋友一起爬上了皋亭山，写了一篇游记。
文章的最后，两个文学青年登高望远，看见杭州城里的烟树人家与钱
塘江南岸的青山。
山青 2 Green Mountains
地形
Topography
108
如今，在西湖上泛舟，举目四望，
你仍然能最真切地感受到“三面青山
一面城”。
这三面群山，都是天目山余脉，
因地质构造运动形成的古潟湖周边的
褶皱山，峰峦层叠起伏，自然风光秀
美。
再说城北的皋亭山。
如果从空中俯瞰，她犹如天目山
脉向大海方向延伸时洒落在杭城北部
的绿色珍珠，与半山、黄鹤山等诸山
一脉相连，连绵 10 余千米，形成了
杭城北廓屏障。
Hilly Hangzhou.
Hangzhou is a hilly city where the hilly areas accounting for
65.6% of the city. The plains account for 26.4% of the city,
and water masses 8%. In addition, the arable land is 266.7
square meters per capita.
Yu Dafu, a well-known Hangzhounese writer, was a
passionate mountain-climber when young.
More than 80 years ago, he “walked amidst the Phoenix,
Yunju and Wansong Mountains daily with his travel book, a
pencil and half a loaf of bread”, “Drinking a pot of tea in a
teahouse near Qiantang River upon opening his books, he
found that he was not far from Shanchuan Temple and just
beyond it was Fantian Temple and Shengguo Temple in the
southern part of the Phoenix Mountains”...
He also climbed other mountains and once, after climbing
Gaoting Mountain with his friend, he wrote a passage in his
journal. At the end of the passage, it gave an account of two
young literati overlooking the city and the mountains on the
southern bank of Qiantang River.
Today, boating on the West Lake will give you the pleasure
of being surrounded by mountains and the city.
The stunning mountain ranges on three sides of the Lake are
all the extensions of the Tianmu Mountain which are a range
of old mountains near an ancient lagoon formed as a result
of geological plate movement.
Here is an account of Gaoting Mountain.
Viewed from the air, the Mountain looks like a green pearl
that Tianmu Mountain extending towards the sea drops on
the northern part of the city. With the Banshan Mountain
and the Huanghe Mountain ranges, it stretches for over 10
kilometers, a natural protection for northern Hangzhou.
110
留白，是传统绘画的一种极高境界，讲究着墨疏淡，构造空灵韵
味，给人以美的享受。
如果把杭州比作一幅水墨丹青的话，“美丽杭州”建设也将用上
这样一支“留白”的笔——
杭州的城市总体规划中，明确提出了六条生态带的城市格局，在
保护原有生态的基础上，划定禁建区、限建区、适建区、已建区，就
是要给未来的杭州留下点什么。
传统的城市规划总是先预测未来的人口规模，然后确定在哪里修
路、架桥，在哪里造高楼大厦，但这类规划常赶不上变化，还会留下
麻烦：土地撂荒、马路闲置、机场负债……
换句话说，生态带内限建区、适建区开发建设内容和强度确定，
都要以生态带保护为前提，较城镇建设用地有明显区别，不是强调建
设什么，而是强调留下什么。
这六条生态带，就像一座绿色的生态长城，环绕着杭州主城区，
为美丽的西湖挡风遮沙，也过滤着尘埃和噪音。
它们更是邻居之间的间隔，也是联系城市建设区域与乡村区域的
一条纽带，以及城市居民日常游憩的场所。
生态带
Ecological Zones
美丽杭州 Beautiful Hangzhou
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Blank spaces are on of the most treasured aspects in traditional Chinese paintings,
emphasizing the emptiness allows the viewers aesthetics to be satisfied.
If Hangzhou is compared to a painting, it can be seen there are areas left open in the
construction of \"Beautiful Hangzhou\".
According to the comprehensive urban plan of Hangzhou, six ecological zones will be
established in order to leave some areas open for the future of Hangzhou. These six
zones are for the purpose of conserving original ecological areas. The plan is to divide
the city into construction-prohibited areas, construction restrained areas, areas fit for
construction and areas already filled with buildings.
Traditional city plans were made by predicting the future size of populations, then
deciding where to build the roads, bridges and buildings. However, such plans can
never keep up with a city's changes and as such tend to leave behind abandoned lands,
unused roads and indebted airports.
In other words, decisions about what to build and on what scale in the construction
restrained areas and other areas suitable for construction in the new ecological zones
are made on the premise of protecting the environment. This is in sharp contrast to
the urban construction land. Now the focus is on what to keep rather than what to
build.
Like a green ecological great wall, the six zones encompass the main urban districts
protecting the lake from blowing sand, filter dust and noise.
These zones link with all adjacent areas tying the urban construction areas and the
rural areas, thus becoming leisure destinations for many city dwellers.
112
One cannot help but talk about “water” when it comes
to the beauty of Hangzhou. Hangzhou is embodied in
the splendor of the West Lake, the charm of the Grand
Canal, the magnificence of the Qiantang River.
西湖的秀、运河的韵、钱塘江的磅礴，说起杭州
的美丽，绕不过一个“水”字。
水秀 3 Clear Water
如果有人跟你说，杭州有这么一个地方：全年风景如画，内设商场、餐厅、茶室，
夏天可以在天然游泳场畅游一整天，其他季节可坐着手划船、快艇赏景，冬天还可
以在轮滑场上一展身手。
你一定会追问，这是哪儿？
老杭州会告诉你，这样的地方确实存在过，它的名字叫六和塔游泳场。
这个始建于 20 世纪五六十年代的天然游泳场，在 1994 年因之江路扩建等原
因，画上历史的句点。
从 2005 年起，每一年杭州都要办一场横渡钱塘江活动。最近的一次是 2014
年，活动当天来了 2500 人。很多人上岸后的第一句话就是：“水清了不少。”
不信？看水质报告。
杭州市环保局出具的《2015 年杭州市环境状况公报》称，作为杭州人的饮用
水源地，钱塘江经过治理后，水质状况为优，水环境功能达标率为 95%，干、支流
市控以上断面 100% 达到或优于Ⅲ类标准。
换句话说，喝杯水都有幸福感。
钱塘江
The Qiantang River
114
If you were told that in Hangzhou there was a supremely picturesque place all year round
that has shops, restaurants and teahouses, where one can swim in a natural beach everyday
during summer, where one can go sightseeing, where one can row a boat or sail a yacht and
where one can have a great time roller skating, you would want to know where it is.
Old residents will tell you that there was such a place named the Six Harmonies Pagoda
Bathing Beach.
The beach was built in the 1950s but came to its end in 1994 when Zhijiang Road was
extended.
Since 2005, there has been an annual crossing of the Qiantang River event. 2,500 people
got involved in the 2014 event and many swimmers noted how the “Water is much clearer”
when they reached the other bank.
Here is the water quality report.
According to “2015 Hangzhou Municipal Environment Report” released by Hangzhou
Municipal Bureau of Environment as Hangzhou’s source of drinkable water, the water
quality of the treated Qiantang River was excellent and the controlled water environment
index reached 95%. This means that 100% of the water in the mainstream and arteries of
the river under city or higher up administrations’ control measured up to or exceeded Class
III water quality standards.
To put it in another way, the wellbeing of the people is increasing, with drinkable water
more readily available.
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小雪节气，漕运封航。
这就是节气之于运河的意义：虽然河水依旧不绝流淌，黄河以北
段的运河早已冰封千里。老底子，一年的漕运就会在小雪时结束，小
雪这个日子，在很多运河沿岸城市，也叫作“休漕节”。
京杭大运河，是杭州在西湖之外的又一张城市名片。
这条“至今千里赖通波”的古河，和杭州人的生活息息相关，特
别是家住城北的市民，谈起运河来，话语间往往有一种触手可及的亲
切感。
“从苏州坐船回杭州，只要闻到臭味，就知道杭州到了。”杭州
老人们总是这样说，这河水的臭气，岸上一里地范围都能闻到。
水质差的帽子，长久地困扰着运河。怎么才能摘掉这顶帽子，杭
州一直在动脑筋，在整治。如今，运河要发展，对水质的要求自然不
能只停留在“不臭”上。
杭州下了“连根拔起”的大决心，请来专家，研究整治水质的“秘
方”，改善运河水质，让运河除了现有的航运功能，还同时具备旅游、
景观、生态的功能。
历时八年，京杭大运河终于在 2014 年申遗成功。
运河
The Grand Canal
Grain transportation came to its end at the solar term called \"Slight Snow\".
This is what a solar term means to the Grand Canal. Now water in this
part of the Grand Canal still flows but its northern counterpart freezes
over annually. In the past, as grain transportation ended with the coming of
winter, this day was referred to as the \"transportation stoppage day\".
The Grand Canal is one of Hangzhou's key scenic areas.
This ancient river that “has brought benefits to a greater part of China
in multiple ways even today” is connected with all facets of life for the
residents of Hangzhou. This is especially true for the people living in its
northern part, whose speech about the canal reveals their tangible intimacy
with it.
“On board the ship people can tell that Hangzhou is at hand when they
smell a stench.” Old residents would say that people could smell the odor
of the Canal even from 500 meters away.
The dirty canal haunted the governing bodies of Hangzhou for a long time.
They racked their brains to improve it. Now today with the development of
the canal, it is required to be better than just \"Not smelly\".
Hangzhou's governing bodies determined to tackle the problem fully
and completely. They called on all experts to help in the improving of its
water quality, tourist functions, landscape and ecology in addition to its
transportation uses.
Although it took eight years, the Grand Canal has now (as of 2014) been
given the status of a UNESCO World Heritage site.
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117
118
西湖，杭州人心头最柔软的一汪盈盈碧水。想要
把这一湾乡愁管理好、保护好，实在不是件容易事。
西湖是活水，引自钱塘江。水是西进东出，一共
有九个出水口，它们分别是圣塘闸、涌金闸、岳湖引
水泵、北里湖泵站，柳浪闻莺、大华饭店、涌金池、
一公园、五公园出水口。其中六公园的圣塘闸出水量
最大，每天可达 13 万立方米。
“新水”从西湖的西南侧太子湾、小南湖一带进
入，“老水”从西湖的东北侧溢出。全年引水超 300 天，
西湖水达到一月一换的标准。
如果说小南湖喝“头口水”，那么，北里湖喝的
就算是“洗脚水”。
前几年，西湖水底埋了一根长 1450 米、直径 45
厘米的水管。这根沉水管道从玉带桥苏堤交叉口南侧
的水面下悄悄开端，从藏身大香樟下的小水泵房，一
路经过苏堤东浦桥、孤山路西泠桥，来到北里湖。
目前，它实现 22.5 天换一遍水，换水速度甚至超
过西湖平均水平。
值得兴奋的是，经多年努力，西湖的美，世界都
看到了——2011 年，西湖文化景观列入世界文化遗产
名录。
西湖
The West Lake
美丽杭州 Beautiful Hangzhou
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West Lake is a lucid and graceful pool inspiring Hangzhou's residents. How is
protection and managed maintenance of this treasured lake to be done? It is
no easy task.
The lake has running water from the Qiantang River flowing in from the west
to the east. There are nine water outlets: Shengtang Water Gate, Yongjin
Water Gate, Yue Lake Primer Pump, Beili Lake Pumping Station, the outlets
in the park of “Orioles Singing in the Willows”, Dahua Hotel, Yongjin Pool,
Park One and Park Five. The water yield at Shengtang Water Gate in Park
Six ranks as the highest with as much as 130,000 cubic meters daily.
The water flows in from the Taiziwan Park and the Small-Southern Lake
area of West Lake up to the northeast of the Lake. This system runs over
300 days of the year resulting in a complete change of the lake water once a
month.
If we say that the Small-Southern Lake drinks the “best water” then the
North-Li Lake drinks “bath water”.
Years ago, a water pipe 1450 metres long with a 45 centimeter diameter
was buried underneath West Lake. It starts under water from the low water
pump room in the south of the intersections between the Jade Belt Bridge
and the Su Causeway and all the way through to Dongpu Bridge on the Su
Causeway, the Xiling Bridge on Gushan Road to the North-Li Lake.
Currently, the North-Li Lake changes its water every 22.5 days, even more
frequently than West Lake.
Excitingly after many years of efforts, the whole world witnesses the beauty
of the West Lake. Its cultural landscape has now been listed as a UNESCO’s
World Heritage site (2011).
茅家埠、浴鹄湾、乌龟潭 70 万平方米的湖区里，这几年，陆陆续续
种下了很多沉水植物，菹草、苦草、狐尾藻、金鱼藻、黑藻，它们在湖
底形成复合群落。尤其在夏天，简直就是一座漂亮的“水底森林”。
这些沉水植物可不仅仅是“花瓶”，在水中，它们发挥着重要作用。
沉水植物生活在水底，起到稳固底泥的作用。而且，沉水植物会进
行光合作用，在水下释放氧气，增加湖水的含氧量。并且，沉水植物会
吸收湖水中的营养物质，减少水体的富营养化污染，改善水质。同时，
沉水植物还可以吸附水中的脏东西。
湖底是漂亮的“水底森林”
The Gorgeous Underwater Forest of the West Lake
Over the last several years, the lake areas of more than 700,000 square
meters in Maojia Wharf, Yuhu Bay and Turtle Pool have grown many kinds
of underwater plants, such as, Potamogeton crispus, wild celery, watermifoil,
hornwort and hydrilla. Particularly in summer, these all become a simply
spectacular underwater forest.
These plants are not only impressive, but also play important roles in keeping
the water clean.
Living under water they solidify the sediment at the bottom of the lake. They
release oxygen into the Lake through photosynthesis, absorb nutrients in the
Lake to curb eutrophication pollution. This all improves the water quality of
the lake,not to mention the fact that they also absorb dirty substances in the
water.
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西溪声名太响，从最初宋高宗那句“西溪且留下”，到清初吴本
泰的传世著作《西溪梵隐志》，更近些的，便是郁达夫《西溪的晴雨》
了，这中间，来此隐居的文人不知凡几。
最近，杭州西溪国家湿地公园，因高颜值，入选了《美丽中国》
普通邮票第二组，一套 4 枚当中，是邮资最高的一枚——4.2 元。
而西溪之胜，独在于水。
这个紧邻杭州城区的湿地公园，总面积 10 平方千米，河塘、湖漾、
沼泽占 7 平方千米，水道总长达 100 多千米。
园内水道如巷，河汊如网，绿柳拂水，翠竹丛丛。画舫满载游人，
从狭窄的河道中驶过，激起迭迭浪潮。一只夜鹭停在水边木桩上，任
凭浪潮没过脚爪，纹丝不动。
这么好的环境，西溪有什么秘诀？
答案是三基鱼塘，也就是柿基、竹基和桑基。简单来说，就是利
用其独特的生态系统，如不同生活习性的鱼类、特定的水草，科学构
建完整的生物链，形成自我完善的生态系统。
这也是西溪湿地得以加入国际重要湿地名录的重要因素。
西溪
Xixi National Wetland Park
Xixi has been a household word since ancient times even appearing in the famous
saying “Let Xixi stay intact” by Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty. It also
appeared in the historically important book entitled Journal of a Xixi Hermit by
Wu Bentai in the early Qing Dynasty, and a collection of essays entitled Sunny and
Rainy Days at Xixi written in the 1930s by Yu Dafu. For about 800 years numerous
literati have come to live at Xixi and seek hermitage.
Recently, Hangzhou's Xixi National Wetland Park has been listed in the second set
of Beautiful China stamps, due to its charm. In the four available sets of stamps, its
postage of 4.2 RMB is of the highest value.
The fame of National Xixi Wetland Park rests with its water.
The park is adjacent to the downtown area yet it has 10 square kilometers of
ponds, lakes and swamps. It also has over 100 kilometers of waterways banked by
bamboo groves. Recreational boats carry tourists along Xixi's narrow waterways.
A night heron stands motionless on a post in the water despite waves washing
over its claws.
What are the secrets to protecting this environment?
The answer is that there are three key areas in the park all growing different plants:
mulberry, persimmon, and bamboo. To put it simply, this is to make the best use of
the eco-system. It makes a holistic biological chain with diverse living habitats for
the fishes and plants that live there. This has created a self-improving eco-system.
There are among the main reasons why Xixi National Wetland Park is listed as one
of the important international wetlands.
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123
近 800 年前，马可·波罗这样描述过杭州：“城
中的大小桥梁数目上万，那些架在大运河用来连接
各街道的桥梁建得很高，且很精巧，竖着桅杆的船
可以在桥下通过，马车也能在桥上畅通无阻。那些
运载着居民生活必需品的船只和车辆，都能方便地
来往穿梭城里……”
杭州水系充沛，河网众多，纵横交错。
仅就市区内的运河支流而言，穿梭在我们身边
的也有几十条之多：新开河、中河、东河、贴沙河、
上塘河、西溪、余杭塘河、紫金港、小河……这是
杭州的天赋。
堵车的时候，你还有另一条路可选择：水路。
目前，水上巴士 1、2、3、7 号线都在正常运营中，
从古翠站上船，到武林门站只需 30 分钟左右，下
了船，旁边就是公交车站和地铁站。
水系
Water System
124
In Travel Notes of Marco Polo written nearly 800 years
ago, it said that in Hangzhou there were over 10,000
bridges of all shapes and sizes and the bridges across
the Grand Canal linking the streets were fairly tall and
exquisite. Ships with masts could go under them and
carriages could freely ride on them. The ships and
carriages carrying residents’ daily necessities could all
move freely around the city…
Hangzhou has an intertwined net of water systems.
In the urban districts alone, Hangzhou is blessed with
many of them, e.g. Xinkai River, Zhong River, Dong River,
Tiesha River, Shangtang River, Xixi River, Yuhangtang
River, Zijingang River and Xiao River.
During rush hour, passengers can instead take to the
rivers. Presently, marine buses No. 1,2,3 and 7 are in
operation, and it takes a mere 30 minutes to go from
Gucui Stop to Wulin Stop, where bus stops and a Metro
station are nearby.
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村美
Picturesque Villages 4
“欲把西湖比西子，淡妆浓抹总相宜”，苏东坡的名句正是
今天杭州的精美写照，其完美人居的环境，诠释着这座“生活品
质之城”的内涵，然而许多人不无忧虑：杭州的农村何时也能建
得像城市一样漂亮？
从“构筑网络化大都市”规划蓝图到“以城带乡、以东带西”，
大力推进“一化七经济”，再到深入开展“百千”工程……杭州
用坚实的步伐迈向城乡统筹发展目标。
一场意义深远的改变正发生在杭州的城乡阡陌之间。
一个个独具特色的农村新型居住小区正呈现在眼前，一幅幅
美丽新乡村、幸福新家园画卷正在杭州大地徐徐绘就。
“别墅 + 公寓”式新模式住宅，鳞次栉比，宽敞明亮。村中
每家每户庭院绿化、美化，道路硬化、亮化，居民生活多样化，
俨然成了一个现代人休闲享乐的“度假村”。
我们看到杭州的农民住上了现代化的新农居，用上了现代化
的住宅设施：屋顶的太阳能热水器、墙窗的节能保温材料、卧房
的宽带网络、客厅的数字电视、厨房的燃气管道、地底的污水处
理系统、智能磁卡水电表、现代化的物业管理……这是“美丽乡村”
所创造的最宝贵财富。
功能优
Effective Functions
126
The lasting words of Su Dongpo (an old mayor of Hangzhou
during in the Northern Song) are “West Lake is comparable
to Xi Shi who is beautiful regardless of whether she is wearing
light or heavy make-up”. This is still true of Hangzhou today.
The very pleasant living environment here is the meaning of “a
quality city”. Many people are interested in knowing when the
rural areas of Hangzhou will become this beautiful.
Hangzhou has taken some big first steps and detailed
measures in the direction of integrating urban and rural
areas. This is best reflected in its blueprint of “constructing a
networking metropolis”. The strategy is for “the central city
and the eastern part of the city to lead into the countryside
and the west”, to promote Hangzhou’s internationalization
together with the development of a low carbon, service,
creative culture, private, building (headquarters), open and
suburban economy. It also includes the extensive undertaking
of a project for the coordinated development of urban and
rural areas.
A change of far reaching significance is taking place in
Hangzhou's urban or rural areas. There are barrages of new
particular rural communities. These impressive beautiful
villages and happy households are taking shape in Hangzhou's
countryside.
New types of spacious villas and flats are now quite
commonplace. All the houses are beautiful and surrounded
by trees and flowers. The roads are well constructed and
equipped with lights. The villagers enjoy diverse lifestyles. The
villages have actually become something of resorts.
Here are some typical details of life in one of these beautiful
villages. All the new modern rural houses are equipped with
solar water heaters; energy-saving insulation materials are
used on the windows and on the walls. Broadband networks
are installed in bedrooms. Digital TVs are in living rooms. The
kitchens have a gas supply. There are underground sewage
treatment systems, intelligent card water meters and modern
property management systems.
美丽杭州 Beautiful Hangzhou
127
古风民俗、诗画山水、文化创意、运动休闲、生态养生……
把各具特色的美丽乡村串珠成链，是杭州打造“升级版”美丽乡
村的雄心。
富春江畔，天子源和青源溪交汇处的桐庐环溪村里，不少人
家屋外，还有围着白色栅栏的小花园。高大的伞草中，点缀着或
红或黄的美人蕉，仿佛一个小型的人工湿地，生机盎然。
“这是一个个小型的污水处理工程。”要不是村干部解说，
你绝对想不到，小小花园，竟然就是桐庐农村治水的成功秘诀之一。
说起来，这个人工湿地的清洁模式很简单——
先根据实际情况，在农户家附近的空地建立污水处理池，农
户家里流出的污水，经过管道、窨井，流入污水处理池。污水处
理池上方，种植的是清水能力很强的美人蕉、伞草等植物，经过
它们的过滤与净化，浑浊的污水，很快变成了汩汩清流，重新排
入自然水域中。
生态好
Excellent Ecological Environment
128
With its ancient folk culture, picturesque
landscape , cr eative cul tur e , spor t s
and recreation and ecological health
Hangzhou's government’s ambition is to
create an upgraded version of its beautiful
countryside, in which each of the villages
show its own peculiar characteristics,
becoming like a chain of resort destinations.
In Tonglu County, there is a village named
Huanxi on the bank of Fuchun River and at
the meeting point between the \"Source of
Heaven\" and Qingyuan Creek. There are
many houses there surrounded by small
white-fenced gardens, in which there are
tall hydrophytes decorated with red or
yellow cannas. The village looks like a small
man-made yet vibrant wetland.
“What you see here are small sewage
treatment projects.” My goodness had the
villager helpers not revealed the secrets
one could hardly have expected that all
these small gardens are among the most
successful tools in Tonglu's rural water
treatment facilities.
The cleaning model of this man-made
wetland is quite simple.
Initially, after investigations were made, the
sewage treatment pools were built on open
lots near farming households. Their sewage
flows through underground pipes past
manholes to the pools. On the pools are
grown cannas and umbrella papyrus, which
filter and purify the sewage. Very quickly
the dirty water becomes clean and clear
able to rejoin the rivers again.
家风是什么？
通俗地说，就是一个家庭或家族的传统风尚。
记得小时候，家里的老人在饭桌上总会对小孩子们说：“粮食吃到
肚子外，天上雷公要打人。”现在想来，这些生活中经常能听到的看似
简单寻常的一句话，就是家风，就是家训。
可能你会觉得：原来家风就是这么简单的一件事情啊？可临安不这
么想。
俗话说，一方水土养一方人。当吴越王钱鏐在临安出生之时，就注
定了这片土地将与众不同。《钱氏家训》一直流传至今，影响的已经不
止是钱家人。
2013 年开始，临安做了一件很有传统范儿的大事——理家规、谈
家风、立家训，最重要的是，把祖祖辈辈的谆谆教诲传下去。
除了传承，还有改变。
走入美丽乡村，篮球场、羽毛球场和乒乓球桌等各种体育设施均向
全村开放，村文化活动中心还配备了电视录像室、图书阅览室、棋牌室、
教育培训室等活动场所，大大丰富了村民的业余文化生活。原本根深蒂
固的男耕女织、日落而息的生活理念也在悄悄地转变……
文化浓
Rich Culture
To put it simply, family tradition means the family's traditional
ways of doing things in ones immediate or whole extended
family.
Most of us may have heard the family elders at dinner
repeatedly tell us (while we were children): “Heaven will punish
those who waste food.” Such common words or sentences
illustrate Chinese family traditions and family instruction.
One may think that family tradition is that simple. But people in
Lin’an County think otherwise.
There is a proverb that “Each place has its local propriety”.
When Qian Liu, King of Wuyue Kingdom was born in Lin’an it
was bound to be different from other areas. The Qian Family
Precepts is still popular today and its influence has gone beyond
the family.
In 2013, an important event took place in Lin’an. The sorting out
and passing down of family rules, accentuating family traditions
and making family precepts, thus allowing them all to be much
more easily passed down from generation to generation.
There has been another great change as well.
Walking into these beautiful villages, you will be able to find
there are basketball courts, badminton courts and table tennis
tables accessible to all villagers. The village cultural center
will have venues like TV rooms, reading rooms, chess rooms,
education and training rooms, all of these enormously enriching
the villagers’ daily life and spare time. This also reflects a gradual
change of the deep-rooted concept of life in which men are the
sole breadwinners and women are to stay indoors taking care
of the family, no longer are families bound by these traditional
concepts where everyone is forced to go to bed with the
setting of the sun.
美丽杭州 Beautiful Hangzhou
131
Sightseeing 游in Hangzhou
乐
杭州拥有着冠绝天下的湖光山色，
悠远深厚的文化底蕴，精致大气的城市
品味，城市与风景相映成趣，人文与自然
交相辉映，曾被世界休闲组织评为“东
方休闲之都”，被世界旅游组织和国家
旅游局授予“中国最佳旅游城市”称号，
被联合国环境规划署评为“国际花园城
市”。2016 年 1月 7 日，《纽约时报》公
布的 2016 年世界上52个最值得到访的
旅游目的地，杭州排名第 16 位。
“江南忆，最忆是杭州。”无论是西
湖的山水形胜，还是运河的真实厚重，抑
或是西溪的疏逸自然……这个城市总有
让你魂牵梦绕、意犹未尽的理由。
Hangzhou is the per fec t blend of
enchanting natural landscapes, cultural
wealth, exquisiteness and magnanimity.
W i t h i t s g o r g e o u s s c e n e r y a n d
natural harmony, the World Leisure
Organization rated it as the \"Oriental
Capital of Leisure\", the World Tourism
Organization and the National Tourism
Bureau awarded it the title of \"China's
Best Tourist City\" and the United Nations
Environment Program rated it as \"The
International Garden City\". On the 7th
of January 2016, Hangzhou was listed as
16th in the top \"52 places to go\" around
the world by New York Times.
“Remembering fondly the South and
Hangzhou in particular.” Be it the natural
beauty of West Lake, the impressive
enormity of The Grand Canal, or the
reclusive nature of Xixi National Wetland
Park the city is charming and fascinating.
旖旎风光 1 Gorgeous Landscape
Hangzhou’s beauty rests with West Lake. West Lake flourishes from being in
Hangzhou and Hangzhou is famed because of West Lake.The area around West
Lake is among the highest rated batch of State endorsed national key scenic
areas and also one of the first ten national major cultural scenic attractions
with a national AAAAA rating (the highest). West Lake with its natural beauty
and special cultural brilliance is a typical Chinese example of aesthetics. It is the
harmonious blend of nature and humanity, a place that has been bound with the
spiritual pursuit of the literati throughout time, as well as the soul of splendid
Hangzhou. A better understanding of Hangzhou starts with a good knowledge of
West Lake.
杭州之美，美在西湖。西湖傍杭州而盛，杭州因西湖而名。以西湖为中
心的西湖景区，是国务院公布的首批国家重点风景名胜区，也是全国首批十
大文明风景旅游区和国家 AAAAA 级旅游景区。它不仅拥有山水之秀美，
更独具人文之光辉，它是“天人合一”的中国美学典范，是历代文人墨客追
求的精神所寄，更是大美杭州的灵魂。想要读懂杭州，首先得读懂西湖。
西湖·世界文化遗产
West Lake: A World Cultural Heritage Site
134
苏堤，由北宋大诗人苏轼主持所建，故名。苏堤
南起南屏山麓，北至栖霞岭下，全长近三千米，上有
六桥，沿堤两岸遍植名花。每逢春日，桃柳夹岸，春
风骀荡，莺歌燕舞，意境动人，因此被称为“苏堤春晓”。
Su Causeway got its name from Su Shi, the pre-eminent
Northern Song poet who had it built. The 3,000-metre
causeway starts in the South from the Nanping Mountains
and ends to the north in the Xixia Mountains. It has six
bridges along it and beautiful flowers to either side of it.
In spring peaches and willow trees sway in the breeze
with birds flying around singing, hence the name of Su
Causeway in the Morning of Spring.
苏堤春晓
Su Causeway in the Morning of Spring
西湖十景（南宋时评）
Ten West Lake Scenic Sights
in the Southern Song Dynasty
乐游杭州 Sightseeing in Hangzhou
135
曲院原是南宋朝廷开设的酿酒作坊，园内种有荷花，时人誉为“曲院风
荷”。每逢夏日，景区湖面上莲叶田田，菡萏妖娆，清香四溢，为夏日杭州
增添一份雅致的情趣。
It used to be the site of an imperial vineyard surrounded with plenty of lotuses
during the Southern Song Dynasty and since affectionately referred to by poets
as Breeze-ruffled Lotus at Winding Garden. In summer, the park is covered
with exuberant and fragrant lotus leaves, adding an elegant taste to Hangzhou's
summer.
曲院风荷
Breeze-ruffled Lotus at Winding Garden
西湖赏月之风自古盛行。景点位于白堤西端，背倚孤山，面临外湖。每当秋日，天高
气爽，夜色如水，湖面沉寂，皓月当空，湖光月色交相辉映，颇有“一色湖光万顷秋”之感。
It has long been a tradition of appreciating the moon in this Park, which lies at the west end of
Bai Causeway against the Solitary Hill on the embankment of the exterior lake. On a clear and
tranquil night in autumn, the moon's reflection mingling with the Lake conjures up an image of a
bright lake extending into the horizon.
平湖秋月
Autumn Moon over the Calm Lake
乐游杭州 Sightseeing in Hangzhou
137
断桥位于白堤的东端，每逢雪霁天晴，整个
西湖银装素裹，粼粼的湖面上，断桥若隐若现，
似断非断，如一幅山水画卷上看似随意实则精心
雕琢的笔触，衬托出雪中西湖的疏逸与旷达。民
间传说白娘子和许仙就是在这里相识的。
The Bridge is on the east end of Bai Causeway. After
clearing up post snowfall the whole lake, which is
covered in snow truly sparkles, and the Bridge comes
into view from the lakeside. It is hard to tell whether
the bridge is really broken or not, just like a stroke
on a landscape painting that seems to be casual but
actually deliberate, accentuating the reclusiveness
and grace of the snow covered lake. According to a
legendary story White Snake and Xu Xian, lovers well
known in China, first met there.
断桥残雪
Lingering Snow at Broken Bridge
138
浪闻莺景区位于西湖东南
岸清波门外，曾是南宋皇家御
花园——聚景园所在地。因遍
植柳树多黄莺飞舞，故称为“柳
浪闻莺”。如今，作为西湖边
一个供百姓游乐的开放式大公
园，整个园区花木扶疏，柳浪
青翠，莺啼婉转，环境十分清幽。
This scenic spot is located
beyond Qingbo Gate on the
southeast bank of West Lake and
was the site of Jujing Garden, an
imperial garden of the Southern
Song Dynasty. It got its name for
the multitudes of willow trees
planted in the garden where
flocks of orioles danced. Today
it is a large and quiet public park
full of flowers and willow trees
where orioles beautifully sing.
柳浪闻莺
Orioles Singing in the
Willows
“花港观鱼”以“花、港、鱼”为特色。红鱼
池是全园游赏的亮点，池岸蜿蜒曲折，池中堆土成岛，
岛上花木扶疏，倚桥栏俯看，数千尾红鳞来回穿梭，
染红整个池面。园中另一主景牡丹园，是杭州牡丹
品种最多的地方，每逢花开之时，灿若云锦，芳香
四溢，引得游人纷至沓来。
This Park is renowned for its pond, flowers and fishes
with the Red Fish Pond as its main highlight. Its banks
are winding with an island in the middle of the pond
where there are multitudes of flowers and trees leaning
against the rails on meandering bridges. Travellers can
see thousands of carps swimming to and fro, turning
the Pond completely red. Another must see is the
Peony Garden boasting the greatest number and
variety of peonies in Hangzhou. When they are in full
blossom, they look like colorful and fragrant brocades.
花港观鱼
Viewing Fish at Flowery Pond
140
