第 51 卷 第 15 期 电力系统保护与控制 Vol.51 No.15
2023 年 8 月 1 日 Power System Protection and Control Aug. 1, 2023
DOI: 10.19783/j.cnki.pspc.230021
考虑频率耦合的并网逆变器不同域控制的稳定性比较
高子鹏,肖国春,田圆媛,姬朋坤,何玉瑞
(西安交通大学电气工程学院,陕西 西安 710049)
摘要:高渗透率下并网逆变器(grid-connected inverter, GCI)与高电网阻抗的交互作用可能引发系统失稳问题。GCI
的电流控制根据控制域的不同,可分为相域比例谐振(proportional resonance, PR)控制和 dq 域比例积分(proportional
integral, PI)控制。首先,考虑频率耦合效应,基于谐波线性化方法分别建立了 LCL 型 GCI 采用相域 PR 控制和 dq
域 PI 控制的序导纳模型,并考虑电网电压前馈的影响,对这两种不同域控制的 GCI 的序导纳特性进行了对比分
析。基于所建的序导纳模型和广义奈奎斯特判据(generalized Nyquist criterion, GNC),分析了电网电压前馈和电网
强度对两种不同域控制的 GCI 并网系统稳定性的影响。稳定性分析结果表明:不考虑电网电压前馈时,相域 PR
控制的 GCI 系统稳定性强于 dq 域 PI 控制的 GCI 系统;而引入电网电压前馈后,二者系统稳定性基本相同。最后,
通过仿真验证了理论分析的正确性。
关键词:高渗透率;并网逆变器;频率耦合;电网电压前馈;稳定性
Stability comparison of grid-connected inverters controlled in different domains
considering frequency coupling
GAO Zipeng, XIAO Guochun, TIAN Yuanyuan, JI Pengkun, HE Yurui
(School of Electrical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China)
Abstract: Under high permeability, the interaction between a grid-connected inverter (GCI) and high grid impedance may
lead to system instability. The current control of a GCI can be divided into proportional resonance (PR) control in the
phase domain and proportional integral (PI) control in the dq domain according to different control domains. First,
considering the frequency coupling effect, the sequence admittance models of the LCL GCIs with PR control in the phase
domain and PI control in the dq domain are respectively established based on an harmonic linearization method. Then, the
sequence admittance characteristics of the two GCIs are compared and analyzed considering the impact of the grid
voltage feedforward. Based on the established sequence admittance models and generalized Nyquist criterion (GNC), the
influence of the grid voltage feedforward and grid stiffness on the stability of the two GCI systems controlled in different
domains is analyzed. The stability analysis results show that the stability of a PR-controlled GCI system in the phase
domain is stronger than that of a PI-controlled GCI system in the dq domain without considering the grid voltage
feedforward, while the stability of the two GCI systems is basically the same after introducing the grid voltage
feedforward. Finally, simulations verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis.
This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51277146).
Key words: high permeability; grid-connected inverter; frequency coupling; grid voltage feedforward; stability
0 引言
随着光伏、风电等新能源发电系统渗透率的不
断提高,电力系统的电力电子化特征日益显著[1-2]。
新能源发电单元通常分布在远离电力负荷中心的偏
远地区,长距离输配电线路和大量的变压器使得电
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目资助(51277146)
网呈现出高阻抗的弱电网甚至极弱电网的特性[3-4]。
对于高渗透率新能源并网发电系统而言,当短路比
(short circuit ratio, SCR)满足 CR 2 3 <S < 时,电网被
定义为弱电网,当 CR S < 时则被定义为极弱电网 2 [4]。
并网逆变器(grid-connected inverter, GCI)是新能源
发电与电网之间的重要接口装置[5-7],高渗透率下
GCI 的控制动态以及与高电网阻抗的交互作用可能
引发宽频振荡等稳定性问题,对电力系统的安全可