第 51 卷 第 21 期 电力系统保护与控制 Vol.51 No.21
2023 年 11 月 1 日 Power System Protection and Control Nov. 1, 2023
DOI: 10.19783/j.cnki.pspc.230312
基于灰色关联分析和聚类云模型的变压器油纸绝缘状态评估
邹 阳 1
,林锦茄 1
,李安娜 2
,张云霄 1
(1.福州大学电气工程与自动化学院,福建 福州 350108;2.国网福建省电力有限公司厦门供电公司,福建 厦门 361004)
摘要:电力变压器复合油纸绝缘状态的准确诊断对电力系统安全稳定运行以及设备自身运维具有重要指导意义。针
对油纸绝缘介电响应少数特征量评估和未考虑系统随机性导致评估不准确的问题,提出基于灰色关联分析(grey
relational analysis, GRA)与聚类云模型的评估方法。首先,基于回复电压法和扩展德拜模型提取 5 个相关特征量,
建立油纸绝缘状态评估体系。然后,针对多特征量在反映绝缘状态的敏感性差异,采用组合赋权法综合 GRA 和
改进层次分析法,避免了数据信息丢失,使权重分配更加合理。最后,利用云模型雾化特性反映数据随机性,全面
考虑评估指标等级分类边界的随机性和模糊性后构建了聚类云模型隶属度选择器。通过多台不同糠醛含量变压器
实测数据进行验证表明,该评估方法不仅能够准确反映变压器实际绝缘状态,而且能体现其劣化趋势,为检修策
略的制定提供参考依据。
关键词:油纸绝缘;时域响应;模糊综合评估;聚类云模型;灰色关联分析;改进层次分析法
Evaluation of transformer oil-paper insulation status based on grey relational
analysis and a cluster cloud model
ZOU Yang1
, LIN Jinjia1
, LI Anna2
, ZHANG Yunxiao1
(1. College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; 2. Xiamen Power
Supply Company, State Grid Fujian Electric Power Co., Ltd., Xiamen 361004, China)
Abstract: Accurate diagnosis of the composite oil-paper insulation state of power transformers is of great guiding
significance for the safe and stable operation of power systems and the operation and maintenance of equipment itself. In
this paper, an evaluation method based on grey relational analysis (GRA) and a clustering cloud model is proposed to
solve the problem of inaccurate evaluation caused by few characteristic quantities of the dielectric response of oil-paper
insulation and failure to consider the randomness of the system. First, based on the recovery voltage method and the
extended Debye model, five relevant features are extracted to establish the oil-paper insulation state evaluation system.
Second, in view of the sensitivity differences of multiple feature quantities in the reactive insulation state, a combination
weighting method combining GRA and an improved analytic hierarchy process is used to avoid data information loss and
make the weight allocation more reasonable. Finally, it uses the atomization characteristics of the cloud model to reflect
the randomness of the data, and comprehensively considers the randomness and fuzziness of the classification boundary
of the evaluation index grade. After that a clustering cloud model membership selector is constructed. The validation of
measured data from multiple transformers with different furfural content shows that the evaluation method can not only
accurately reflect the actual insulation status of the transformer, but also reflect its deterioration trend, providing a
reference basis for the formulation of maintenance strategies.
This work is supported by the Major Research Program Cultivation Project of the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (No. 92266110).
Key words: oil-paper insulation; time domain response; fuzzy comprehensive evaluation; cluster cloud model; grey
correlation analysis; improved analytic hierarchy process
0 引言
回复电压法(return voltage measurement, RVM)
基金项目:国家自然科学基金重大研究计划培育项目资助
(92266110);福建省自然科学基金项目资助(2019J01248)
是一种以时域介电响应理论为基理的油纸绝缘系统
测量方法,简便无损且携带绝缘状态信息丰富,已
被广泛应用到变压器油纸绝缘状态的评估中[1-3]。扩
展德拜模型(extended debye model, EDM)因其绝缘
电阻 Rg 、几何电容Cg 等变化趋势能够有效解释绝
缘内部的状态变化,亦被广泛认可和用于辅助分析