第 51 卷 第 23 期 电力系统保护与控制 Vol.51 No.23
2023 年 12 月 1 日 Power System Protection and Control Dec. 1, 2023
DOI: 10.19783/j.cnki.pspc.230332
考虑暂态功角稳定和故障限流的并网逆变器
下垂暂态控制策略
杨欢红 1
,焦 伟 1
,黄文焘 2
,施 颖 1,3,严灵杰 1
(1.上海电力大学,上海 200090;2.电力传输与功率变换控制教育部重点实验室(上海交通大学),上海 200240;
3.国网上海市电力公司市区供电公司,上海 200080)
摘要:为解决下垂控制型逆变器在故障工况时发生暂态功角失稳和故障过电流问题,提出了一种兼顾暂态功角稳
定和故障限流的暂态控制策略。首先分析了下垂控制型逆变器的暂态功角失稳机理和故障电流暂态特性,定量分
析了无功控制回路对暂态稳定性的影响以及暂态功角、短路电流与逆变器输出电压三者之间的关系。其次,以暂
态功角稳定和故障限流为控制目标,通过在有功控制回路中引入暂态功角动态补偿项、在无功控制回路自适应调
整电压参考指令值进行综合控制。最后,通过仿真实验验证了所提出控制策略不仅可以抑制故障过程中不平衡功
率造成的功角持续增大和故障过电流,并一定程度上增加了故障期间无功功率,有利于故障电压恢复,从而实现
下垂控制型逆变器在电网故障时的安全稳定运行。
关键词:下垂控制;暂态功角稳定;故障限流;不平衡功率;电压恢复
Droop transient control strategy considering transient power angle stability and fault current
limitation of a grid-connected inverter
YANG Huanhong1
, JIAO Wei1
, HUANG Wentao2
, SHI Ying1, 3, YAN Lingjie1
(1. Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Control of Power Transmission
and Conversion, Ministry of Education (Shanghai Jiao Tong University), Shanghai 200240, China;
3. State Grid Shanghai Urban Power Supply Company, Shanghai 200080, China)
Abstract: There are issues of transient power angle instability and fault overcurrent in droop-controlled inverters in fault
conditions. Thus a transient control strategy that considers both transient power angle stability and fault current limiting is
proposed. First, the mechanism of transient power angle instability in droop-controlled inverters and the transient
characteristics of fault currents are analyzed. The impact of the reactive power control loop on transient stability and the
relationship among transient power angle, short-circuit current, and inverter output voltage are quantitatively analyzed.
Second, to achieve transient power-angle stability and fault current limiting, a comprehensive control approach is
proposed, one which introduces a dynamic compensation term for transient power-angle in the active power control loop
and adapts the voltage reference command value in the reactive power control loop. Finally, simulation experiments are
conducted to validate the proposed control strategy. It not only suppresses the continuous increase of power angle caused
by unbalanced power during fault processes and mitigates fault overcurrent but also increases reactive power during fault
periods to facilitate fault voltage recovery. Consequently, the proposed strategy enables the safe and stable operation of
droop-controlled inverters during grid faults.
This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52177100).
Key words: droop control; transient power angle stability; fault current limitation; unbalanced power; voltage recovery
0 引言
随着可再生能源的快速发展,电力电子逆变器
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目资助(52177100);电力传输
与功率变换控制教育部重点实验室开放课题资助(2022AA05)
作为可再生能源最典型的并网接口,在电力系统中
得到了越来越广泛的应用[1-8]。然而,传统的并网逆
变器常用控制策略,如最大功率点跟踪控制或恒功
率控制[9],不能为电网提供电压与频率支撑,对含
高比例可再生能源电网的稳定性运行带来严重挑
战。为了解决这一问题,提出下垂控制策略,使逆