主办单位：贵州财经大学<br>2023年12月13日<br>非物质文化遗产保护<br>黄<br>平<br>哨<br>泥<br>*<br>图<br>片<br>源<br>于<br>网<br>络<br>，<br>禁<br>止<br>商<br>业<br>用<br>途<br>画<br>册

哨泥平国<br>粹<br>文<br>传<br>统<br>工<br>艺<br>黄化<br>中<br>国<br>风<br>采<br>让<br>艺<br>术<br>融<br>入<br>生<br>活<br>让<br>非<br>遗<br>传<br>承<br>下<br>去<br>*<br>图<br>片<br>源<br>于<br>网<br>络<br>，<br>禁<br>止<br>商<br>业<br>用<br>途

1<br>01<br>黄平泥哨-国家级⾮物质⽂化遗产<br>黄平泥哨是流行在黄平一带的苗族民间玩<br>具，系黄平县石牛寨苗族泥塑艺人吴国清在<br>传统泥俑、陶俑基础上，创新发展起来的小<br>型彩塑泥捏，至今已七十余年历史。苗族泥<br>哨成形于20世纪30年代，80年代得到进一步<br>发展。吴国清授徒百余人，制作泥哨的个体<br>作坊在黄平县的飞云崖、旧州镇、重安镇等<br>村落都有分布，工艺传承至今已八十余年。<br>泥哨制作主要是以手工将黏土捏制成形，而<br>后低温烘烧，再施以彩绘，罩以清漆，做出<br>成品。黄平苗族泥哨以塑造动物见长，自然<br>界的动物应有尽有，不论是天上飞的、地上<br>走的、水里游的还是树上爬的，都一一见于<br>其中，动物造型共计四百余种。另有组合式<br>的“十二生肖”、“斗牛”等作品，借助各<br>种动物的有趣神态来反映生活、表达感情，<br>体现出较高的艺术水准。<br>前言

3<br>领导致辞<br> 苗族泥哨成形于20世纪30年代，80年代得到进一步发展。吴国清授徒百余人，制<br>作泥哨的个体作坊在黄平县的飞云崖、旧州镇、重安镇等村落都有分布，工艺传承至<br>今已八十余年。泥哨制作主要是以手工将黏土捏制成形，而后低温烘烧，再施以彩<br>绘，罩以清漆，做出成品。<br>黄平泥哨-国家级⾮物质⽂化遗产<br>The Miao mud whistle took shape in the<br>1930s and was further developed in the<br>1980s. Wu Guoqing taught more than 100<br>people, and the individual workshops<br>making mud whistles were distributed<br>in Feiyunya, Jiuzhou Town, Chongan<br>Town and other villages in Huangping<br>County. The craft has been passed down<br>for more than 80 years. The production<br>of mud whistle is mainly to knead clay<br>into shape by hand, and then bake at<br>low temperature, and then paint,<br>cover with varnish, and make a<br>finished product.

二、泥哨介绍<br>4<br> 泥哨：泥塑（苗族泥哨），贵州省黄平县传统美术，国家级非物质文化遗产之一。苗族泥哨是一<br>种泥捏儿童玩具，哨体下部留有回气孔，能吹出清脆的响声，其成形于20世纪30年代，80年代得<br>到进一步发展。苗族泥哨是以手工将黏土捏制成形，而后低温烘烧，再施以彩绘，罩以清漆，做<br>出的成品，它以塑造动物见长，动物造型有四百余种，以各种动物的神态来反映生活、表达感<br>情。<br>2008年6月7日，泥塑（苗族泥哨）经中华人民共和国国务院批准列入第二批国家级非物质文化遗<br>产名录，项目编号：VII-47<br>*<br>图<br>片<br>源<br>于<br>网<br>络<br>，<br>禁<br>止<br>商<br>业<br>用<br>途<br>黄平泥哨-国家级非物质文化遗产<br>Mud whistle: Clay sculpture (Miao nationalitymud whistle), traditional art in Huangping County,<br>Guizhou Province, one of the nationalintangible cultural heritage.TheMiaomud whistleis a kind<br>of mud-kneaded children's toy, with air return holes left at the lower part of the whistle body,<br>which can blow out crisp sound. The Miao mud whistle is a finished product made of clay by<br>hand, then baked at low temperature, painted with paint and covered with varnish. It is good for<br>shaping animals. There are more than 400 animal shapes. To reflect life and express feelings in<br>the manner of animals.On June 7, 2008, the clay sculpture (Miao Muwei) was approved by the<br>State Council of the People's Republic of China to be included in the second batch of national<br>intangible cultural heritagelist,with theitem number: VII-47

5<br>黄平泥哨-国家级⾮物质⽂化遗产<br>*<br>图<br>片<br>源<br>于<br>网<br>络<br>，<br>禁<br>止<br>商<br>业<br>用<br>途<br>*<br>图<br>片<br>源<br>于<br>网<br>络<br>，<br>禁<br>止<br>商<br>业<br>用<br>途<br>*<br>图<br>片<br>源<br>于<br>网<br>络<br>，<br>禁<br>止<br>商<br>业<br>用<br>途<br>*<br>图<br>片<br>源<br>于<br>网<br>络<br>，<br>禁<br>止<br>商<br>业<br>用<br>途<br>*<br>图<br>片<br>源<br>于<br>网<br>络<br>，<br>禁<br>止<br>商<br>业<br>用<br>途<br>*<br>图<br>片<br>源<br>于<br>网<br>络<br>，<br>禁<br>止<br>商<br>业<br>用<br>途<br>黄平苗族泥哨艺人在造型时不拘泥于物象的客观外形，而善<br>于捕捉和提炼其神态及内在情感，大胆采用夸张、变形、写<br>意的手法，重点表现所塑对象的特殊部位以突出其特征，使<br>每一个泥哨作品都形神兼备、浑然一体，造成“妙在似与不<br>似之间”的绝佳艺术效果。<br>Huangping Miao mud whistle artists do not adhere to the<br>objective appearance of the object, but are good at capturing<br>and refining its expression and internal emotions. They<br>boldly adopt exaggerated, deformed and freehand techniques,<br>focusing on the special parts of the object to highlight its<br>characteristics, so that each mud whistle work is both<br>physical and spiritual, and creates an excellent artistic<br>effect of \"between similarity and non-similarity\".

三、泥哨制作过程<br>6<br> 黄平苗族泥哨采用当地优质的白泥为基本原料，通过手工进行搓捏成型、木屑煅烧、上色涂油等多道工序制作<br>而成。其具体的制作方法是:先将白泥和好，反复摔打后，根据制作者的艺术构思与丰富想象，手捏成型;再用制哨<br>棒在每个泥哨下部留有一个吹气孔和一个回气孔，以便能吹出清脆悦耳的声音;将开哨后的泥哨放入炉窑中烧制;出<br>窑后用水粉颜料描绘纹饰，着色。一般以黑底点红、绿色为主，兼杂黄、白、蓝、紫等色，近似当地苗家妇女的刺<br>绣花块;最后在泥哨上罩以清漆，使之光滑生亮。<br>黄平泥哨-国家级非物质文化遗产<br>*<br>图<br>片<br>源<br>于<br>网<br>络<br>，<br>禁<br>止<br>商<br>业<br>用<br>途<br>*<br>图<br>片<br>源<br>于<br>网<br>络<br>，<br>禁<br>止<br>商<br>业<br>用<br>途<br>*<br>图<br>片<br>源<br>于<br>网<br>络<br>，<br>禁<br>止<br>商<br>业<br>用<br>途<br>Huangping Miao mud whistle is made of local high-quality white mud as the basic raw material by hand<br>kneading, wood chip calcination, coloring and oiling. The specific production method is: first the<br>white mud and good, repeatedly beaten, according to the producer's artistic conception and rich<br>imagination, hand molding; Then a whistle stick is used to leave a blow hole and a return hole at the<br>bottom of each mud whistle, so that a clear and pleasant sound can be blown; Put the mud whistle into<br>the furnace to fire; After leaving the kiln, use gouache paint to paint the pattern and color. Generally<br>with black points red, green, mixed yellow, white, blue, purple and other colors, similar to the local<br>Miao women's embroidery flower block; Finally, the mud whistle is covered with varnish to make it smooth<br>and bright.

7<br> 其题材广泛，有飞鸟走兽、蝶虫蛙鱼、家禽六畜等。色彩一般以黑底点红绿为主，兼杂黄、白、蓝等色。近似当地苗族妇<br>女的紫色衣裙和刺绣花块，最负盛名的泥哨题材为中国民间传统的十二生肖图案。泥哨造型注重动物头部特征，强调神似形<br>略，形成夸张变形的艺术风格。每个泥哨下部均留有一个吹气孔和一个回气孔，能吹出清脆悦耳的声音。黄平泥哨形式 多<br>样、色彩丰富，具有鲜明的地方民族特色与极高的收藏价值。亦是馈赠亲友之佳品。黄平泥哨是流行在黄平一带的苗族民间<br>玩具，系黄平县石牛寨苗族泥塑艺人吴国清在传统泥俑、陶俑基础上，创新发展起来的小型彩塑泥捏，至今已七十余年历<br>史。<br>黄平泥哨-国家级⾮物质⽂化遗产<br>*<br>图<br>片<br>源<br>于<br>网<br>络<br>，<br>禁<br>止<br>商<br>业<br>用<br>途<br>*<br>图<br>片<br>源<br>于<br>网<br>络<br>，<br>禁<br>止<br>商<br>业<br>用<br>途<br>*<br>图<br>片<br>源<br>于<br>网<br>络<br>，<br>禁<br>止<br>商<br>业<br>用<br>途<br>Its subject matter is wide, there are birds and animals, butterfly insects, frog fish, poultry and other animals. Color is<br>generally black with red and green points, mixed with yellow, white, blue and other colors. Resembling the purple dresses<br>and embroidered flower pieces of local Miao women, the most famous mud whistle theme is the traditional Chinese folk<br>zodiac pattern. The shape of the mud whistle pays attention to the characteristics of the animal head, emphasizes the<br>likeness of the spirit, and forms an exaggerated and deformed artistic style. The lower part of each mud whistle has a blow<br>hole and a return hole, which can blow out a crisp and pleasant sound. Huangping mud whistle has various forms and rich<br>colors, with distinct local ethnic characteristics and high collection value. It is also a good gift for friends and relatives.<br>Huangping clay whistle is a Miao folk toy popular in Huangping area. It is a small colored clay sculpture innovated and<br>developed by Wu Guoqing, a Miao clay sculpture artist in Shiniuzhai, Huangping County, on the basis of traditional clay<br>figurinesandclayfigurines.Ithasahistoryofmorethan70years.

四、黄平泥哨成果展示<br>8<br> 近年来，贵州省黄平县加大泥哨的保护和传承力度，通过编写泥哨制作教材，建立泥哨体验馆及<br>教育基地，广泛开展非遗进校园、社区、景区，泥哨非遗文化焕发新生。12月8日，在贵州省黔东南<br>苗族侗族自治州黄平县旧州中学社团活动室，非遗传承人潘文斌给学生讲解泥哨制作技艺。12月8<br>日，学生在贵州省黔东南苗族侗族自治州黄平县旧州中学社团活动室制作泥哨。虎年将至 观山湖区<br>图书馆举办非遗泥哨“福虎”制作活动。<br>黄平泥哨-国家级非物质文化遗产<br>*<br>图<br>片<br>源<br>于<br>网<br>络<br>，<br>禁<br>止<br>商<br>业<br>用<br>途<br>*图片源于网络，禁止商业用途 *图片源于网络，禁止商业用途 *图片源于网络，禁止商业用途<br>In recent years, Huangping County of Guizhou Province has strengthened the protection and<br>inheritance of mud sentinels. By compiling mud whistles to produce teaching materials. The<br>establishment of mud sentinel experience museum and education base, extensive development<br>of intangible cultural heritage into campuses, communities, scenic spots, mud sentinel<br>culture revitalized. Pan Wenbin, a non-genetic inheritor, explains making techniques of<br>mud whistle to students at the club activity room of Jiuzhou Middle School in Huangping<br>county, Qiandongnan Miao and Dong autonomous prefecture, southwest China's Guizhou<br>province, Dec. 8, 2019. Students make a mud whistle at the community activity room of<br>Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Middle School in Huangping county, Qiandongnan Miao and Dong<br>autonomous prefecture, southwest China's Guizhou province, Dec 8, 2019.

9<br>五、与蛋仔游戏的联动<br> 蛋仔派对是2023年较为风靡的游戏<br>之一，它以可爱的画风，有趣的游戏，<br>以及多元可爱的皮肤吸引着广大游戏爱<br>好者。其中，有一个名叫“泥哨叫叫”<br>的一款皮肤就与贵州黄平泥哨梦幻联<br>动。名字“叫叫”的由来也是因为哨子<br>能吹出声响。<br> <br>*<br>图<br>片<br>源<br>于<br>网<br>络<br>，<br>禁<br>止<br>商<br>业<br>用<br>途<br>*<br>图<br>片<br>源<br>于<br>网<br>络<br>，<br>禁<br>止<br>商<br>业<br>用<br>途<br>黄平泥哨——国家非物质文化遗产<br>*<br>图<br>片<br>源<br>于<br>网<br>络<br>，<br>禁<br>止<br>商<br>业<br>用<br>途<br>Egg Party is a popular game in 2023. It<br>attracts game lovers with its lovely<br>painting style, interesting game<br>experience, and diversified and cute<br>skin. Among them, there is a skin<br>called \\\"Mud Whistle\\\" that is linked to<br>the dream of Guizhou Huangping mud<br>whistle. The origin of the name \\\"call\\\" is<br>also because the whistle can make a<br>sound.

黄平县旧州中学开设泥哨课程，学校高度重视，教师认真对待，学生积极参与。泥哨课上，教师<br>认真介绍泥哨的悠久历史，制作方法，注重教学内容的同时，又指导学生捏造形状，制成形态各<br>异的泥胚。黄平县旧州中学把德智体美劳“五育”这个教育理念融入课堂，这不但传承了民族文<br>化，还增强了学生的创新意识，激发了学校的生机活力。<br>六、泥哨进校园<br>10<br>黄平泥哨——国家非物质文化遗产<br>*<br>图<br>片<br>源<br>于<br>网<br>络<br>，<br>禁<br>止<br>商<br>业<br>用<br>途<br>*<br>图<br>片<br>源<br>于<br>网<br>络<br>，<br>禁<br>止<br>商<br>业<br>用<br>途<br>*<br>图<br>片<br>源<br>于<br>网<br>络<br>，<br>禁<br>止<br>商<br>业<br>用<br>途<br>Jiuzhou Middle School in Huangping<br>County offers mud whistle courses,<br>which are highly valued by schools,<br>taken seriously by teachers and<br>actively participated by students. In<br>the mud whistle class, the teacher<br>carefully introduced the long history<br>and production methods of the mud<br>whistle, paid attention to the teaching<br>content, and at the same time<br>instructed the students to fabricate<br>shapes and make mud embryos of<br>different shapes. Jiuzhou Middle<br>School in Huangping County<br>integrates the educational concept of<br>\\\"five educations\\\" of morality,<br>intelligence, physical fitness, beauty<br>and labor into the classroom, which<br>not only inherits the national culture,<br>but also strengthens the<br>students'innovative consciousness<br>and stimulates the vitality of the<br>school

学生在制作过程中，可以充分发挥想象力和主观能动性，在动手中思考，又在思考中前进，提升<br>智力水平的同时，又增强了美育熏陶。在劳动教育中融入泥哨文化，教师向学生展示历史悠久的<br>非遗文化，这不仅跳脱出传统体力劳动的固有模式，还借助有趣的非遗文化进行实践活动，激发<br>学生动手实践的兴趣，进而帮助学生形成正确的劳动观。<br>11<br>黄平泥哨——国家非物质文化遗产<br>*<br>图<br>片<br>源<br>于<br>网<br>络<br>，<br>禁<br>止<br>商<br>业<br>用<br>途<br>*<br>图<br>片<br>源<br>于<br>网<br>络<br>，<br>禁<br>止<br>商<br>业<br>用<br>途<br>*<br>图<br>片<br>源<br>于<br>网<br>络<br>，<br>禁<br>止<br>商<br>业<br>用<br>途<br>In the process of production, students can give full<br>play to their imagination and subjective initiative,<br>think in practice, and advance in thinking, improve<br>their intelligence level, and at the same time enhance<br>the edification of aesthetic education. Integrating<br>mud whistle culture into labor education, teachers<br>show students a long history of non-heritage culture,<br>which not only breaks away from the inherent mode of<br>traditional manual labor, but also carries out practical<br>activities with the help of interesting non-heritage<br>culture, stimulates students'interest in hands-on<br>practice, and then helps students form a correct<br>conceptoflabor.

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